Catcher In The Rye - Character Analysis Of Holden Essays

Catcher in the Rye - Character Analysis of Holden Ever since its publication in 1951, J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye has served as a firestorm for controversy and debate. Critics have argued the moral issues raised by the book and the context in which it is presented. Some have argued that Salinger's tale of the human condition is fascinating and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. The psychological battles of the novel's main character, Holden Caulfield, serve as the basis for critical argument. Caulfield's self-destruction over a period of days forces one to contemplate society's attitude toward the human condition. Salinger's portrayal of Holden, which includes incidents of depression, nervous breakdown, impulsive spending, sexual exploration, vulgarity, and other erratic behavior, have all attributed to the controversial nature of the novel. Yet the novel is not without its sharp advocates, who argue that it is a critical look at the problems facing American youth during the 1950's. When developing a comprehensive o pinion of the novel, it is important to consider the praises and criticisms of The Catcher in the Rye.When studying a piece of literature, it is meaningful to note the historical background of the piece and the time at which it was written. Two J.D. Salinger short stories, "I'm Crazy" and "Slight Rebellion off Madison," were published in periodicals during the 1940's, and introduced Holden Caulfield, the main character of The Catcher in the Rye. Both short stories were revised for later inclusion in Salinger's novel. The Catcher in the Rye was written in a literary style similar to prose, which was enhanced by the teenage slang of the 1950's. It is a widespread belief that much of Holden Caulfield's candid outlook on life reflects issues relevant to the youth of today, and thus the novel continues to be used as an educational resource in high schools throughout the nation (Davis 317-18).The first step in reviewing criticism of The Catcher in the Rye is to study the author himself. B efore his novel, J.D. Salinger was of basic non-literary status, having written for years without notice from critics or the general public. The Catcher in the Rye was his first step onto the literary playing field. This initial status left Salinger, as a serious writer, almost unique as a sort of free agent, not bound to one or more schools of critics, like many of his contemporaries were. This ability to write freely, his status as a nobody in the literary world, was Salinger's greatest asset. Rather than to scope inside Salinger's mind and create a grea tness for him, we are content instead to note him for what he is: "a beautifully deft, professional performer who gives us a chance to catch quick, half-amused, half-frightened glimpses of ourselves and our contemporaries, as he confronts us with his brilliant mirror images" (Stevenson 217).Much of Salinger's reputation, which he acquired after publication of The Catcher in the Rye, is derived from thoughtful and sympathetic insig hts into both adolescence and adulthood, his use of symbolism, and his idiomatic style, which helped to re-introduce the common idiom to American literature. While the young protagonists of Salinger's stories (such as Holden Caulfield) have made him a longtime favorite of high school and university audiences, establishing Salinger as "the spokesman for the goals and values for a generation of youth during the 1950's" (qtd. in Davis 317), The Catcher in the Rye has been banned continually from schools, libraries, and bookstores due to its profanity, sexual subject matter, and rejection of some traditional American ideals. Robert Coles reflected general critical opinion of the author when he called Salinger "an original and gifted writer, a marvelous entertainer, a man free of the slogans and clich?s the rest of us fall prey to" (qtd. in Davis 317).Obviously, the bulk of praise and criticism regarding any novel or piece of literature will come from published critical reviews. When a n ovel or any piece of literature is published in the United States, critics from newspapers, magazines, and various other sources flock to interpret the book and critique its style. The same was true for Salinger's novel. Noted book reviewers from across America critiqued The Catcher in the Rye, bestowing both praise and

Essay on Ecommer Revolution

Essay on Ecommer Revolution Essay on Ecommer Revolution 4) Describe at least twelve major intermediate objectives the company set. Try to include objectives for most business functions, including marketing, human resources, finance, and operations. 1) Grab a chunk of the ecommerce revolution Obstacles: They needed to build their brand and market them self to the global market. 2) Buyer, seller, and banking relations during the transaction Obstacles: Smooth buyer, seller, and delivery process. Also they had to find a way to coordinate global banking between institutions. How other companies overcame this: Other companies do this by creating a notification system for both the buyer and supplier. An example of this is Amazon. When a person posts an item and a buyer is found a notification is sent to the supplier. The supplier than can cancel the order, purchase shipping or print a label on their own. Before, any money is exchanged shipping must be confirmed by the supplier and additional information must be given about the shipping. The site also allows for communication between the buyer and seller through a generic automated email system provided by Amazon so not personal information is given out. 3) Help develop and promote e-commerce payments platform Obstacles: Find banking institutions to work with them. Make global banking easier so there is not a delay between the buy and seller, especially in the Chinese market. 4) Move beyond fee-free service while retaining membership Obstacles: find a suitable price range to keep members. Offering enough so the customer is getting more than what they pay for. 5) Personnel retention Obstacles: Employees leaving to find better work. Becoming a short-term employment opportunity. How other companies overcame this: I know that companies like Dow Chemical and Dow Corning offer their employees lucrative stock options within the company. They also offer their employees great benefit packages. Also companies like Dow and most places of employment offer to pay for school but you have to sign a contract to work for the company longer. 6) Marketing push in China Obstacles: Branding themselves in the vast Chinese market. Setting themselves apart from the competitors that are already in the market. How other companies overcame this: Other companies do this by doing an extensive ad campaign before any product is sold in the market they want to join. They also become familiar with the business laws, practices and customs of the area. An example of this Sonic, the fast food company started to air television ads before they actually opened a restaurant in this area. This got people to start to talk about and look for the restaurant in the area. Also companies sign famous people to the market to promote their brand. More specifically companies such as Nike use famous people in the market to help them promote their brand, For example Yao Ming. 7) Generating more income Obstacles: Pricing of services and membership and finding additional financial backers to help them develop and expand their company. 8) Give a platform for SME to promote themselves broadly Obstacles:, SME’s generally cannot compete with the bigger companies How other companies overcame this: Other companies do this by offering advertisement space or web space for other companies to post information and products. They also allow for a â€Å"let a friend know feature† so someone can share the business to another person. A company like Facebook offers advertisement space for companies to post their information. It also allows for companies to construct a web page so other people can view it or find a link that takes them directly to their official site. It also allows for a person to see

What should organisations be concerned about in corporate rebranding Dissertation

What should organisations be concerned about in corporate rebranding from a strategic point of view - Dissertation Example Business firms use rebranding typically in an attempt to remove some negative associations, improve sales, giving it a modern look, or during mergers and acquisitions, to change the way the corporation is viewed. The issue of corporate-rebranding though quite popularly used amongst corporates to change identities and is seen featured regularly in business reviews and business related news, has been largely ignored largely by the academic/scholarly world, leading to a serious lack of research articles on this topic. Aim – The chief objective of this paper is to delineate the term corporate rebranding in addition to the various underlying theories that create a framework for the process. It also highlights the various contexts that often makes this process an important one for the corporate houses, while also focuses on the pitfalls that may turn rebranding into a total failure. Approach – The paper uses a qualitative and inductive methodology through literature review an d case studies to comprehend the various principles and theories of corporate rebranding. It uses case studies to present examples of corporate rebranding that were successful and those that failed, while evaluating the reasons behind their successes or failures. The research paper however has certain limitations where we find that there is a lack of academic or scholarly articles on this topic. There is no dearth of business reviews or press releases on this topic, but academicians, in general, have kept away from this subject. Corporates present an opaque front in cases where they have attempted rebranding and have failed. As for example, eircom, which had initially succeeded in its rebranding venture but now has a poor financial output, has removed the internal memorandums that it had circulated amongst its employees during rebranding, making the case study highly dependent on data derived from other researcher’s works. Even in cases of successful rebranding, all facts rel ated to the old identity are removed after sometime, to keep up with new brand image. Significance of the study – Despite a lack of research papers that have a theory-based approach on the topic, this paper attempts to create a well-studied and comprehensive framework on corporate rebranding that analyses both the pro and cons of the issue. 1 Introduction 1.1 Background study In recent times, observations reveal that there has been an increasing emphasis on using brands as a management strategy for achieving better business outcome (Balmer and Greyser, 2003). Increasing competition at a global level has led the corporates to feel a desire for uniqueness. If variables that give a firm its most unique value while helping it to gain a competitive edge over the rivals, are examined, corporate brand or image appear as most relevant

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 14

Essay Example Being compensated is a high-class achievement, which shows how people work in an organization, how they work in order to make their particular organization the best one. Compensation is always done in an appropriate manner. What so every work any employee will do, he or she will be compensated according to that particular work. Compensation is therefore term as a delicate job for the HR people, as they should always compensate in an appropriate manner, and they should compensate those who really work well and who really generate well-oriented outcomes. There are many organizations, which compensate because of the capability of an employee. For instance if a person who is an employee of any XYZ organization, he or she will only be compensated according to his or her skills and capabilities. No other source will help them while being compensated. This is a correct as well as an ethical way with the help of which one can compensate the employees. By this, employees also get motivated and thus as a result they will work hard in order to generate outcomes that are more fruitful. Motivating employees is a difficult task but along with this, this is termed as an important task. Because with the help of this people can be motivated to work harder and harder in order to generate better results. There are various kinds of benefits, which are related to the performance of employees. When the performance of any employee is up to the mark, he or she will be automatically compensated based on his or her performance, this performance related pay is very much important and has many benefits. Incentive pay on the other hand is also important, which is given for special kind of work or performance rather than the simple work. Performance based pay actually indicates towards various Incentives, which are there to motivate the employees so that they can work harder in order to generate good

Isaac Newton on essence of God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Isaac Newton on essence of God - Essay Example First was the admission that there are no causes of natural things that are true or sufficient in explaining their appearance (Newton, 54). The second rule is that due to lack of truth and sufficiency in the explanation of appearance of things, same natural effects must be assigned to the same cause. Here, he gave the example of how man and beast respire as well the difference of light from culinary fire and that from the sun. Third example was that of qualities belonging to bodies that humans can have access to during experiments and therefore such qualities can be esteemed as the universal qualities for all bodies. From this rule he deduced that all bodies are impermeable and are movable, endowed with some powers that help them in resisting motion (Newton, 54). In addition, all bodies gravitate towards the earth with a proportion of their quantity of matter. Examples of such are the way the sea gravitate towards the moon or the motion of planets towards each other. According to Newton, God is the overall creator of the universe. He states that â€Å"this most beautiful system of the sun, planets and comets could only proceed from the counsel and dominion of an intelligent and powerful Being.

Improvement Of Dual Axis Tracker Using Arduino Uno Engineering Essay

Improvement Of Dual Axis Tracker Using Arduino Uno Engineering Essay Solar power generation had been used as a renewable energy since years ago.This type of energy is very clean, environmentally friendly and reliability as secondary choice for source energy.This paper present the design and improvement of dual axis tracker using Arduino Uno kit.Futhermore,the main objective is the dual axis tracker system which will actuate solar module will keep aligned with the sunlight in order to maximize in harvesting solar power.In this project,its divided by two categories;hardware and software.In hardware part,4 light dependent resistor(LDR) has been used to trace the coordinate of sunlight by detecting brightness level of sunlight.For rotation part, two standard servo motor has been selected.In software part,the code is constructed in C programming and inserted in Arduino Uno.This project is designed for low power and portable application.Therefore, its suitable for rural area usage.Moreover,the efficiency of output power which collected by sunlight are incre ased. Keywords Dual Axis,LDR,Servo Motor,Arduino I. INTRODUCTION Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural source such as sunlight, wind rain ,tides ,wave and etc. Renewable energy provide 19% of electricity generation worldwide.Malaysia,with population of about 28 million, is one of fastest-growing economies in Asia. During the last decade, Malaysia has seen almost 20% increase in energy generating capacity from 13,000MW in 2000 to 15,500MW in 2009.Under the 8th Malaysia plan (2001-2005),the government of Malaysia changed the Four Fuel Policy(based on oil, gas, coal and hydropower) to the Five-Fuel Policy with the addition of renewable energy as fifth source of fuel. Malaysia is well endowed with abundant non-renewable and renewable source of energy, especially biomass and solar. In the last ten year,many residentals around the world used electric solar system as a sub power at their houses.this is because solar energy is an unlimited energy resource,set to become increasingly important in longer term, for providing electricity and heat energy to user[1].Solar energy is the energy derived from the sun through the form of solar radiation.The sun is most is most inexhaustible,renewable source energy known to man.The is no price and also no air pollution created by solar energy ,environmentally friendly and solar energy are interminable supplies[3].It is related with aspects as deforestation control,protection of ozone layer,reduction of CO2 emission and others[4]. The main objective of this paper is to develop solar tracker.The solar tracker can be used for several application such as solar cells,solar day-lighting system and solar thermal arrays[1].Nowadays,the highest efficiency of solar panel is 19%.So,the efficiency can be enhance by using solar tracker.Albeit,the price of various solar tracker are still expensive because solar tracker is still new and only a few countries use it as South Korean and USA[1].Futhermore,this project is designed for rural area which far from main supply and absolutely low cost. Previous researchers [1],[3] and [6] used LDR as sensor respectively.Other that,[1] ,[6]used dc motor and [3] used servo motor as the mover of their solar tracker. II. DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR TRACKER Finding energy source to satisfy the worlds growing demand is one of society foremost challenges for next half century.The challenge in converting sunlight into electricity via photovoltaic solar cell is dramatically reducing $/Watt of delivered solar electricity.In this context the solar tracker are such devices for efficiency improvement.Solar tracker is the devices which designed automated for detect the sunlight movement from east to west.However,this automated system will stay its operational even if weather is cloudy and there is no sun visible totrack,thus spending stored energy without any gain[6]. Nowadays,many researcher from various education institution likely contribute in this topic. Based on experimental and actual result,the solar tracking can enhance by 30 to 60 percent compared to static solar array.Other that, power generated annually increase up to 40 percent.There are numbers types of solar tracker depends on cost,performance and technology[3]. This paper continues development on two axis tracking system consists Light Dependent Resistor(LDR),standard servo motor,solar module and Arduino programmer. III METHODOLOGY This project is divided into two parts,hardware development and programming development.Figure 1 show the block diagram of the project. C:UsersAlberto_TaminoDesktopDrawing1.jpg Figure 1:Block diagram of the project 2 Project Design 2.1 Hardware The main components of hardware used in this project are Arduino Board,Light Dependent Resistor,Servo Motor,Solar Panel and solar tracker stand,variable resistor. 2.1.1 Arduino Board In this project,Arduino was used as main controller.Arduino is an open-source electronic prototyping platform based on flexible,easy to use software and hardware.Arduino can sense environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can effect it surrounding by controlling light,motor and other actuator.The microcontroller on the board is programmed using Arduino programming language and Arduino development environment.Arduino can be stand alone or they can communicate with software running on a computer. 2.1.2 Light Dependent Resistor Light Dependent Resistor is semiconductor which sensitive with light.The main purpose is to change the brightness of light in different weather condition.Becauce of these reason,this paper choosed LDR which suitable to track the sunlight. 2.1.3 Servo Motor Servo motor is one type of various motor in electronic application.This type motor required supply 4.8V or 6V.This motor consists three wire namely signal,positive and ground wire.The motor consists several part,the motor and gearbox,a position sensor,an error amplifier and motor driver and circuit to decode the requested position.Servo motor only rotate in 180 degree. http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQmkuTWaXtVnqH1pvD1XfCAoz4L-eOvUpgzLpaZTOGhzP16cFze Figure 2:Servo Motor 2.1.4 Solar Panel Solar panel is a device to receive sunlight and convert it into electricity.Nowadays,many type solar panel in the market but the efficiency still low.Other that,the price still expensive.That reason makes this type renewable energy still second choice energy generation after fuel generation.This paper used monocrystalline solar panel for solar tracker and static mode. C:UsersCIPOXS~1AppDataLocalTempWPDNSE{ABEA16F1-1E2E-5557-6656-659DC8B5A9B6}191120121132.jpg Figure 3: 2W Solar Panel 2.1.5 Solar Tracker Stand This project designed the cheap and innovative stand.This stand also stable because the big base area makes the servo motor and solar operate as usual at the top. C:UsersCipOx StarzDesktopsolar tracker(FYP 2)181120121127.jpg Figure 4: Prototype of Solar Stand Material Unit Quantity PVC Tee  ¾ inch 3 PVC Elbow  ¾ inch 4 PVC Reducing Socket 1  ½ to  ¾ inch 1 PVC Pipe 2 meter 2 TOA Spray Light Green 1 Table 1:Prototype Material 2.1.6 Variable Resistor A variable resistor is a potentiometer with only two wires instead of three.The pots allows to control yhe potential across through the circuit.The long handle on the potentiometer/variable resistor can be turned clockwise or anti-clockwise,altering the value of resistance.The range of resistance varies,for example 0 to 1000 ohms.This paper used variable resistor for speed and tolerance for each motor;vertical and horixontal axis. C:UsersCipOx StarzDesktopdownload.jpgC:UsersCipOx StarzDesktopdownload (1).jpg C:UsersCipOx StarzDesktopimages.jpgC:UsersCipOx StarzDesktop220px-Faders.jpg Figure 5: Several of Variable Resistors 2.2 Software This paper using the C programming as programming language.The simple code constructed and inserted into Arduino Board.The Figure 6 show the flowchart of the software procedure. C:UsersAlberto_TaminoDesktopDrawing1.jpg Figure 6: Flowchart of software procedure. IV. RESULT AND DICUSSION From the result,the author selected the suitable location for solar panel placement.The best location where is not shade from building or trees shadow.The sun moves from east to west.Therefore,the author choosed for placing the solar tracker toward south east.So,the solar panel will get more sunlight in order to harvest output power.The best reading time is between 10am till 12.00pm. The data collected from 9am till 5.00pm for 5day.The highest ouput voltage for solar tracker is 3.7V and for the static is 3.4V.The data shown the reading are upward from 9.00am till 12.00pm and start downward from 1.00pm till 5.00pm.According from data,the author choosed two condition of solar panel: Static Solar Panel which face north east in 45 degree tilt. Solar Tracker which face east. From the data from figure 9,the largest output power is 587.6mW at 12.00pm for the tracker mode and the the lowest is 4.1mW. Figure 7:Output Voltage Versus Output Current Figure 8:Output Voltage Versus Time Figure 7:Ouput Power Versus Time The sunlight irradiation depends on many factor.The weather in Malaysia is hot and humid throught the year.This factor makes Malaysia receive the rain most the year.Therefore,Malaysias atmosphere covered by variety of cloud. The author research how effect the variety of cloud to solar panel reading.The data from figure 10 shown the highest ouput power harvested when no cloud in the atmosphere.Other that,the lowest reading is when the sky covered by cumulonimbus cloud.This type of cloud are bulky and associated with thunderstorm.Therefore,the sunlight irradiation not fully emitted to the solar panel. Figure 8:Output Power Versus Day V. CONCLUSSION In conclusion,the objective of solar tracker has been archieved.Based on all result,the output voltage and output power are increased compared to the the static solar panel.The solar tracker is able to track the sun movement from west to east.The cost and reability of this tracker makes it suitable for the rural usage. This paper also conclude that the clouds also the main factor for harversting more power.The purpose on renewable energy from this paper gave new and innovative idea to continue the bright future in this field . VI. RECOMMENDATION For further research on this field,the data collection can be improved by long distance monitoring especially when user far from the site or when the rain.The high quality camera can be installed for capturing the type of cloud for futher research.Other that,this paper recommend that this innovative prototype can be enhance by increased it is scale.The solar panel can be replaced by larger scale in order to capturing more solar irradiation.Other that,the selection of solar panel should be also considered.Solar panel should high in efficiency for produce more output power which can used more low power appliances. For the location of solar tracker,the best location is the higher place where is in the top building.Other that,the further user should considered the clouds.Before the installation,the user should research and identify the most area which not covered by cloud.Lastly,the user should be managed to restore the ouput power as secondary supply in an effort to preserve the invironment and ozone.Save our earth. ACKNOWLEDMENT The author would like to acknowledge University Technology Mara (UiTM) for providing the component for this project.The author also tribute to Mdm. Aida Sulinda Kusim,all the lecturer,the staff and students of UiTM who have been involved in this project for the tremendous support and enormous guide. REFRENCES [1] Asmarashid Ponniran,Ammar Hashim,Ariffuddin Joret. A Design of Low Power Single Axis Solar Tracking System Regardless of Motor Speed.Internal Journal Of Intergrated Engineering,Vol.3 No.2(2011) p 5-9. [2] Ashok Kumar Saxena,V.Dutta. A Versatile Microprocessor Based Controller For Solar Tracking.Proc.IEEE,1990,pp.1105-1109 [3] Mohd Zulkifli,M.A.;Zolkapli.M.;Al-Junid,S.A.M. High-Efficency Dual Axis Solar Tracking Developtment Using Arduino. [4] J.Beltran A.,J.L Gonzalez Rubio S.y C.D.Garcia-Beltran. Design,Manufacturing and Performance Test of a Solar Tracker Made By a Embedded Control.Fourth Congress of Electronic,Robotic and Automotive Mechanics [5] Norhazwani Abd Malek,Hasril Hasini,Adlansyah Abd Rahman,Mohd Nasharuddin Mohd Jaafar. An Improved Solar PV System for Malaysian Rural Electrification.Proceeding of 2010 IEEE Student Confrence on Research and Development(SCOREeD 2010). [6] Prabodh Bajpai,Subhash Kumar.Design,Development and Performance Test of An Automatic Two Axis Solar Tracker System.Electrical Engineering Department,IIT Kharagpur,West Bengal,India [7] Gamal M.Dousoky,Abou-Hashema M.EL-SAYED,Masahito Shoyama. Maximizing Energy-Efficency In Single Axis Solar Tracker Photovoltaic Panels.8th International Conference on Power Electronic-ECCE Asia -May 30 June ,2011,The Shila Jeju,Korea. [8] Han Wan Siew, Solar tTrackerSIM University,2008 [9] Jyotirmay Gadewadikar, Microprocessor Based Soalr tracking System Using Stepper Motor S.G.S Institute of Tech Science,Indore

Eli Whitney And The Cotton Gin :: American History

Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin Eli Whitney was the inventor of the cotton gin and a pioneer in the mass production of cotton. Whitney was born in Westboro , Massachusetts., on Dec. 8, 1765, and died on Jan. 8, 1825. He graduated from Yale College in 1792. By April 1793, Whitney had designed and constructed the cotton gin, a machine that automated the separation of cottonseed from the short-staple cotton fiber. Eli Whitney's machine could produce up to 23 kg (50 lb) of cleaned cotton daily, making southern cotton a profitable crop for the first time. Unfortunately Whitney failed to profit from his invention; imitations of his machine appeared, and his 1794 invention was not upheld until 1807. Eli Whitney and his business partner, Phineas Miller, opted to produce as many cotton gins as possible, install them throughout Georgia and the South, and charge farmers a fee for doing the ginning for them. Their charge was two-fifths of the profit, paid to them in cotton itself. And here, all their troubles began. Farmers throughout Georgia resented having to go to Eli Whitney's cotton gins where they had to pay what they regarded as an exorbitant tax. Instead planters began making their own versions of Eli Whitney's gin and claiming they were "new" inventions. Miller brought costly suits against the owners of these pirated versions but because of a loophole in the wording of the 1793 patent act, they were unable to win any suits until 1800, when the law was changed. Struggling to make a profit and mired in legal battles, the partners finally agreed to license gins at a reasonable price. In 1802, South Carolina agreed to purchase Eli Whitney's patent right for $50,000 but delayed in paying it. The partners also arranged to sell the patent rights to North Carolina and Tennessee. By the time even the Georgia courts recognized the wrongs done to Eli Whitney, only one year of his patent remained. In 1808 and again in 1812 he humbly petitioned Congress for a renewal of his patent. In 1798, Eli Whitney invented a way to manufacture muskets by machine so that the parts were interchangeable. Ironically, it was as a manufacturer of muskets that Whitney finally became rich. Background on the Cotton Gin The cotton gin is a device for removing the seeds from cotton fiber. Simple devices for that purpose have been around for centuries, an East Indian machine called a charka was used to separate the seeds from the lint when the fiber was pulled through a set of rollers.

Child Development Essay

The Montessori method of education is one of the very unusual approaches of educating young children that has been based on the experiences and research of educator and physician Maria Montessori (1870–1952). The method basically arose from what Dr. Montessori’s discovered and named it the â€Å"the child’s normal nature† back in 1907 (Montessori, 1972). This happened during one of her experimental observations with young children who had been given the freedom they need d in an environment that was fully prepared with all the materials and was specifically designed to support their self-directed learning experiences (Montessori, 1977). Factor generating an amazing child Law of Will A child’s development of will has been regarded as one of the laws of development as per Montessori’s observations. She herself has clearly indicated how she observed this development of a child’s will. When a child does any action just by himself, without having any form of assistance, this clearly signifies the fact the child is consciously making decisions. In this regard therefore, the will should be treated as a form of strength that mainly comes to the light of consciousness (Montessori, 1972). Will however is not a strength that is possessed by the child at birth; it is rather in potential. It is one of the slow processes of development that is brought into effect through continuous interactions within the surrounding environment. Since it is the nature that brings into consciousness this kind of force, the development of a child’s will helps him to greatly develop the power that he has been given by nature (Montessori, 1988). Law of Intelligence According to Montessori, this happens to be the key that opens the necessary mechanisms involved in true education. This law states that intelligence just helps a child to better understand life; it thus prepares a child for future education (Montessori, 1977). The Montessori thus argued that if the environment was well prepared, this would greatly help the child to interact effectively with his environment and to construct his mind. Intellectual development is important as it helps a child to know as well as explore the environment. Through the developing senses, a child is endowed with the necessary mechanism of interacting with the environment (Montessori, 1972). Montessori Philosophy of education Maria Montessori early on in the 20th century had the intuition that even before a child is of age 3, various functions in that child are constantly being created in a psychic process and only after 3 that they develop. Montessori thus strongly believed that it is the natural laws that govern the development of any child. She thus assumed that as a child hits three years old, all of the unconscious preparation needed for future activity and development has already been established. One of the child’s unconscious goals is the development of mental functions. It should however be noted that these kind of natural laws which basically govern the psychic growth of the child are revealed through his developmental process (Montessori, 1972). Maria Montessori was able to discover just by observing children the phenomenon of what she called sensitive periods of an absorbent mind as well as natural laws that governs the physic development of children. She thus named these kind of natural laws: 1 natural law of independence, 2) natural law of work,  3) natural law of will, 5) natural law of attention, 4) natural law of intelligence, 6) natural law of creativity and imagination, 7) the 4 planes of growth and 8 natural law of spiritual and emotional life) (Montessori, 1988). With this kind of realization, Montessori was determined to see that the education system gained a new goal: and this is to make sure that the child was assisted by the teachers and directors to turn out into a human being that he or she was created to be (Montessori, 1972). She argued that, the only way to be bale to help a child is if we know the Nature of the child, since then we are in a good position to help him to fully develop all of his inner powers so that he can grow from being a helpless creature into a responsible mature citizen. This approach by Montessori thus values the believe that a child’s main goal since birth is to just but develop all of his potentials according to a certain physic pattern that he does possess even before his birth (Montessori, 1977). In real practice, Montessori method has only been applied with some kind of varying degrees of strict adherence to the main philosophies, though it is generally agreed that they all somehow subscribe to some of her writings (Polk and Montessori, 1988). The result has been that there are some people who strictly adhere to either one of these philosophies, while there have been another group that have seen it wise to develop a unique concepts all based on interpretation of her philosophies and writings. There are thus several concepts that are now widely accepted by several practitioners and which are said to be consistent with the teachings of Montessori method. These concepts have been developed from different laws (Montessori, 1972). Montessori fundamentals and intuitions The application of this method requires that the teacher views the child as a being having a kind of inner natural inherent guidance for her or his own self-directed development which in reality is the only perfect method according to Montessori (Montessori, 1988). The major role of the director, teacher, directress, or guide is basically therefore to watch over the child’s environment and make sure that it has no obstacles that might interfere with the natural and perfect development of the child (Montessori, 1977). Part of the role of the teacher might also include experimental interactions with the children under his or her care, and this is what Montessori referrers to as â€Å"lessons,† with the aim of resolving wrong behavior or maybe to demonstrate to the children how they are supposed to make use of the self-teaching materials (Montessori, 1972). Due to the child’s unique sensitivity and instincts to various conditions in the environment, this method has only been recommended to be applied to young children (2-6). Though this be the case, the method has in some instances also been applied to elementary age (6–12) school going children and at other times with toddlers and infants. Though with less frequency, the method is also applicable to high and middle school level students (Montessori, 1977). Conclusion To be able to develop themselves fully, children need a special inner tutor which Montessori referred to as absorbent mind and sensitive period. The natural laws that govern the child normal psychic developments are revealed during his development. This philosophy by Montessori Method has however remained confused and obscure since many claim that her 1907 discovery was purely accidental. The result of the criticism and questioning of her method has resulted to Montessori philosophies and organizations expanding considerably with three main philosophies thus developing.

Arranged Marriages essays

Arranged Marriages essays Many people believe that arranged marriages offer protection and security to women. They say there is a great amount of pressure for women to love their spouse. However, women have been known to stay in abusive relationships for the sake of family pride and respect in society. In fact, traditions and family are two major reasons why arranged marriages are still used today. First of all, love marriages offer more independence and freedom compared to arranged marriages where the girl or boy is chosen by the parents so that there is pressure to conform to parental expectations like producing a male heir, taking part in family rituals and traditions, putting up with sister-in-laws, contributing to family expenses, and so on. One of the usual questions against an arranged marriage is: how can you marry somebody you dont know? Knowing somebody before marriage allows partners to have better respect and understanding for each others needs and desires. This way, they are better adjusted in the marriage when they finally take their wedding vows. Secondly, arranged marriages deprive individuals of their liberation and goes against freedom of speech. In India, where many arranged marriages happen, women have been known to stay in abusive relationships. You cant play music or watch TV, just imagine your freedom being taken away from you, because of your traditions that occur in your culture. This is upsetting to me. The fact that women lose such personal freedom sickens me. Every person, no matter what race, should be treated equally to others. Finally, why do people follow tradition? There are three major reasons why people would follow through with customs: family, society/peer pressure, and nurture. Fitting in with society is a major reason why families are so strict about arranged marriages. Families in certain communities are concerned about their social status ...

How to write an HR generalist resume

How to write an HR generalist resume How do you get hired to be one of the hire-ers? That’s the question facing those of you interested in becoming a human resources professional as a career. Often, we think of HR generalists as part of the machine- reading our resumes, putting together offers, brokering interviews, and sending out benefits statements. But like all other professionals, they have to go through the hiring process too. If you’re thinking about joining the field or are already in it but want to brush up your resume, we’ve got some tips to help you put together your best HR generalist resume.HR generalists are members of a company’s human resources team who manage the day-to-day operations of the department. In a big company, that can mean working as part of a large team. In a small company, it may be more a lone wolf kind of scenario. These professionals manage a variety of responsibilities, including recruiting and staffing, employee relations, employee communication, developing and enforcing company policy, managing compensation and benefits, counseling employees, and generally handling personnel-related issues. That’s a lot going on- and it means that an HR generalist resume has to cover a lot of ground, very effectively.Stand out with a bold headline.If you want your resume to stand out, make sure you’re grabbing attention right away. You’ll have plenty of space to flesh out your professional accomplishments, but starting with a snappy one-liner (or a two-liner) helps you set the narrative right away. You want to make the most of your resume space- and that doesn’t mean cramming more information in there. It means taking the information you have (your skills, your experience, your strengths) and getting the most power out of them. A headline tells the reader up front who you are, as a professional, and what you can bring to them.Your headline should be short and to the point, but not too short. If you write something like, â €Å"Human Resources Professional,† that doesn’t really tell anything. On the other hand, if you add just a little color it tells the reader more about you. It’s a chance to show off your expertise, at least enough to keep the reader’s interest.Here are some great examples:hbspt.cta.load(2785852, '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});Certified Human Resources Director with 10+ years of experienceExpert Benefits Manager Employee-Oriented Human Resources CoordinatorProven Leader in Recruiting and Innovative Employee RetentionThe headline isn’t meant to tell your whole work-life story. It’s meant to get the reader interested enough to read on to the skills and experience, which should back up what you include in the headline.Emphasize achievements, not responsibilities.Your resume should be results-oriented, to show the reader that you’d bring that focus to your job in their HR department. Make sure your bullet points show growth an d achievement. If you worked as part of a team that implemented new employee policies, what was the outcome of that? If you helped roll out a new program, what were the results? Obviously, only include achievements with a positive thrust- or spin them a bit.Spearheaded an initiative that improved employee retention by 25% over two years.Innovated new workflows for onboarding new employeesDesigned and implemented an employee wellness program that cut employee sick days by 10%Don’t those sound more appealing than â€Å"processed new employee orientation forms† or â€Å"served on a committee to improve employee retention†? The trick is making sure you’re using potent action verbs to show that you’ve been busy achieving, not just showing up. Keeping the focus on your achievements also shows that you’re goal-oriented.Use the right keywords.As an HR professional, you probably know better than anyone how automated tools and digital systems are shap ing the hiring process. Make sure you’re taking steps to beat that system as well. That means including keywords that can be caught by all readers, human and robot. One way to help boost your keyword quotient is to spell out things you might otherwise abbreviate, assuming that your fellow Human Resources peeps will understand and taking the space for something else. For example: SHRM Certification becomes Society for Human Resource Management Certified. You can abbreviate it elsewhere in your resume, but having it spelled out once can help you with a scanning algorithm.If you’re stuck for key words, read the job description carefully and make sure you’re mirroring the words it uses. You should also make sure you’re sprinkling the key words throughout the resume. It can be tempting to cram them all in a â€Å"skills† or â€Å"core competencies† section, but putting them throughout can help keep the reader’s interest throughout the whol e resume.Make sure you’re up on the latest technology.HR has become a field that is highly dependent on digital tools and databases, so it’s important to know what the big software names are, as well as any trendy apps or programs. Be specific in your Technology Skills section. Everyone’s going to include things like â€Å"Microsoft Office† and â€Å"Excel,† but the more specific you can be about your tech expertise, the better it enhances your resume. Make sure you’re calling software or programs out by name.If you have only passing familiarity with a particular database software, don’t call yourself an expert, but if you have advanced-level understanding, say so. And again, be aware of what the current trends are- if you are a ninja-level master of a program that has become obsolete, that’s not going to do you much good.Give information about the companies where you’ve worked previously.As an HR professional, you know what where you work can tell someone almost as much about your career as what you’ve done. Providing some context for your previous employers can help the reader frame your experience. If you’re trying to show that you already have experience at the kind of company where you’re applying, emphasize the similarities in your background. If you’re looking to get away from the kinds of places you’ve worked before, emphasize whatever qualities you think will translate well.You don’t need to write a novel- a context sentence or two after you identify the company and before you launch into your bullet points works well. For example:Bunco Industries,  2010 – 2017Coordinated benefits management for a multinational company with 1,000+ employees worldwideThe Happiness Fund,  June 2012 – presentServed as the primary Human Resources employee liaison for a nonprofit company devoted to educating baby sealsTogether with your bullets, this i nformation helps shape the narrative about your experience.Make it clear and easy to read.Your resume should be a clean and concise document. That means not having large blocks of uninterrupted text and ensuring that all information you include is essential to the story you want to tell. The layout should be visually appealing (think short bursts of potent text), but also classic- don’t use odd fonts or crazy formatting.And every word in your resume should be carefully read, considered, and tweaked if necessary. Careless mistakes can undo all of your â€Å"I’m detail-oriented† supporting points, so make sure you’re proofreading carefully. Always find a trusted person to look over your resume as well. It can be very difficult to catch your own typos after the third or fourth pass through, but having another pair of eyes can also help you catch points that aren’t clear, or ring false.Working in HR, you know that it’s about the quality of candi dates, not necessarily the quantity of words or experience. Make sure you’re taking that to heart for your own application package, and write a resume that reflects your best work narrative, your strengths, and your goals. Good luck!

GDP Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GDP Paper - Essay Example These countries are not democratic, do not uphold gender equality and have been repeatedly cited by Amnesty International for human rights abuses (Amnesty International, 2006). In direct comparison, the United States, Great Britain and France, to name but a handful, are all democratic nations which uphold gender equality. While they have been cited for human rights abuse, they have been at a significantly much lower rate than the previously mentioned nations (Amnesty International, 2006). Yet, in accordance with GDP per capita statistical measures, these countries rank as the seventh, the twenty-first and the twenty-fifth on the global GDP scale (IMF, 2008). This is a clear indication of the extent to which GDP contributes to inaccurate readings of national development status and, indeed, fails to provide an accurate reading of the living standards and quality of life enjoyed, or suffered, by populations. As the weakness of GDP ultimately lies in that which it does not measure, it ne eds to be supplemented with poverty index, human development index and gender development index measures. GDP is a weak statistical indicator of national development ... As may be deduced from the foregoing, therefore, it does not discriminate between the rich and the poor, thereby indicating poverty levels and, does not calculate literacy and gender equality levels, to name but a few critical indicators. Added to that, and as Chant (2008) explains, in its calculation of the total amounts spent on healthcare in a given country within a specified time frame, it interprets higher expenditure levels as a positive indicator of well being rather than as an indicator of possibly worsening health conditions. The implication here is, therefore, that not only does it exclude critical indicators from its measurement of national developmental and economic status but, that the GDP and the GDP per capita measures are inherently incapable of providing an accurate indicator of economic and developmental status because the measure is non-discriminatory and tends towards generalizations. Even though GDP and GDP per capita fail to provide an accurate picture of a country's economic and developmental status and most certainly do not reflect the standards of living enjoyed by populations in question, the measurement has its uses. It may not accurately calculate standards of living and economic well-being but it is an indicator of the size of an economy (Ezcurra, 2007). Through the calculation of the monetary value of the goods and services which are produced within the economy and the financial exchanges which occur therein, the measure quite accurately conveys the size of the economy and by calculating the said size in relation to per capita income, it functions as an indicator of whether or not the economy has the capacity to sustain and maintain its population or not (Ezcurra, 2007).

Knowledge Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Knowledge Management - Essay Example For example, as a recorded tradition in different Abrahamic religions, it is said that when one of the sons of Adam killed the other, he learnt from the nature that what to do with the dead body. Moving further, when mankind decided to search for the ways to feed themselves, other than hunting, it was actually their never satiating desire for knowledge that helped them in learning new ways. Thus we can say that one of the important factor of the advancement and continuous evolution of the human civilization is the continuous enhancement of knowledge. However, it must be noted that the purpose to acquire knowledge has been drastically changed. Now, besides the purpose stated earlier, the knowledge acquisition is also aimed for the self-growth and intellectual development. However, by the passage of time, as the ways to store information or knowledge improved, the volume of knowledge started to grow exponentially. With this change in the arena of the knowledge, the focus shifted from merely its acquisition to its management as well as implementation. This shift in focus was not restricted to any one discipline, rather this wave of change was across the board, thus affecting al the discipline. However, the intensity varied from field to field. Among these, the business arena experienced the remarkable influence of this concept. To move on to knowledge management, we must be primarily have an idea of diver... WHAT IS KNOWLEDGE There is no single agreed definition of the term 'knowledge'. This is probably not out of ignorance to the subject, rather an exhibition of the diversity in the ways people approach knowledge, create, store and disseminate it. Dome people have defined it philosophically, some have defined it religiously, while some define it in the context of their own readings and work experience. According to John Locke (1689), knowledge has been defined in his book BOOK IV. Of Knowledge and Probability. "An Essay: Concerning Human Understanding" in following words: Knowledge is the perception of the agreement or disagreement of two ideas Another tendency of defining knowledge is to correlate it with the experience: "a) the condition of knowing something with familiarity gained through experience or association b) the condition of being aware of something c) the condition of apprehending truth or fact d) the condition of having information or of being learned" (tangents.home.att.net/data/rlgdef.htm) The religious orientation brings another understanding towards 'knowledge'. According to them, knowledge is: "is an ability to remember Scripture or have it supernatural quickened, or to know a fact or truth about a person or situation revealed directly by the Holy Spirit--sometimes termed a word of knowledge. [Bible Study on Knowledge.]" (www.acts17-11.com/dictionary_gifts.html) Some other authors have defined it in their own way: knowledge is what I know information is what we know (Foskett) A dictionary definition is a as follow: Acquaintance with facts, truths, or principles, as from study or investigation. Source: The Random House Dictionary of the English Language It was important to cite as much as possible different perspectives on knowledge, so